botny

(i) NADH from the Krebs cycle is approximately equal to:
(a) 2 ATP 
(b) 3 ATP
(c) 4 ATP
(d) 6 ATP 
(e) None of these

(ii) In mitochondrial electron transport chains, the final c acceptor is:
(a) H2O 
(b) H2O2 
(c) NAD+
(d) FAD 
(e) None of these

(iii) The movement of water from cell to cell via plasmadesmata is called:
(a) Symplastic 
(b) Transmembrane 
(c) Apoplastic
(d) Facilitated 
(e) None of these

(iv) In maize plant, the CO2 fixation mechanism is called:
(a) C3 pathway 
(b) C4 pathway 
(c) CAM pathway
(d) C3 – C4 intermediate 
(e) None of these

(v) Salt-loving plants are known as:
(a) Glycophytes 
(b) Halophytes 
(c) Xerophytes
(d) Mesophytes 
(e) None of these

(vi) With the addition of solution to a liquid system, the water potential of the system:
(a) Increases 
(b) Decreases 
(c) Remains stable
(d) Remains variable 
(e) None of these

(vii) The conversion of pyruvate into acetyl C0. A is called:
(a) Glycolysis 
(b) Fermentation 
(c) Oxidative carboxylation
(d) B-Oxidation 
(e) None of these

(viii) Between adenine and thymine, there are:
(a) Two hydrogen bonds
(b) 3 hydrogen bonds 
(c) One hydrogen bond
(d) 4 hydrogen bonds 
(e) None of these

(ix) The stage of meiosis in which pairing of homologous chromosomes starts is called:
(a) Leptotene 
(b) Zygotene 
(c) Diplotene
(d) Pachytene 
(e) None of these

(x) The site of chromosome on which a gene is located is called:
(a) Allele 
(b) Locus 
(c) Site
(d) Trait 
(e) None of these

(xi) In a dihybrid cross, the ratio of F2 generation is:
(a) 9:3:3:1 
(b) 3:1 
(c) 1:2:1
(d) 1:1 
(e) None of these

(xii) When a single gene has multiple effects, the phenomenon is called:
(a) Codominance 
(b) Epistasis 
(c) Pleiotropy
(d) Genostasis 
(e) None of these

(xiii) Lamarck’s theory of evolution was published in:
(a) 1807 
(b) 1808 
(c) 1809
(d) 1810 
(e) None of these

(xiv) The book “Origin of Species” was written by:
(a) Linnaeus 
(b) Lamarck 
(c) Mendel
(d) Darwin 
(e) None of these

(xv) The interaction between algae and fungi to form lichen is called:
(a) Parasitism 
(b) Mutalism 
(c) Commensalism
(d) Amensalism 
(e) None of these

(xvi) The actual location or place where an organism lives is called:
(a) Habitat 
(b) Ecosystem 
(c) Niche
(d) Biome 
(e) None of these

(xvii) Which of the biomes has been increased in area by human activities?
(a) Savanna 
(b) Grassland 
(c) Desert
(d) Coniferous forest 
(e) None of these

(xviii) Which zone of the lake ecosystem consists of phyto-and zoo-planktons?
(a) Littoral zone 
(b) Limnetic zone 
(c) Profundal zone
(d) Water deep layers 
(e) None of these

(xix) Which of the following is a biotic component of an ecosystem?
(a) Producers 
(b) Consumers 
(c) Decomposers
(d) All of these 
(e) None of these

(xx) A sequence of changes in the community structure of an ecosystem over a period of time is called:
(a) Natural selection 
(b) Succession 
(c) Neo-Darwinism
(d) Lamarckism 
____________

1. Algae have cell wall made up of
(A) pectins, cellulose and proteins
(B) cellulose, hemicellulose and pectins
(C) chitin
(D) cellulose, galactans and mannans

2. Which spore is on a club and results from the fusion of two nuclei from different strains of the same fungi?
(A) blastospore
(B) ascospore
(C) basidiospore
(D) conidiospore

3. Which algal division is divided up into three main groups consisting of the golden-brown algae, the yellow-green algae and the diatoms?
(A) chlorophyta
(B) chrysophyta
(C) phaeophyta
(D) pyyrophyta

4. In Funaria stomata are found on
(A) theca
(B) leaf
(C) apophysis
(D) stem

5. After forest fire which plants are the first to appear
(A) ferns
(B) bryophytes
(C) grass
(D) all of these

6. All of the following cellular structures are functionally important in cells of the gametophytes of both angiosperms and gymnosperms, except
(A) haploid nuclei
(B) mitochondria
(C) cell wall
(D) chloroplast

7. Cell elongation in the internodal region of green plants takes place due to
(A) ethylene
(B) cytokinins
(C) gibberellins
(D) indole acetic acid

8. Synecology deals with
(A) ecology of many species
(B) ecology of many populations
(C) ecology of community
(D) none of the above

9. Semiautonomous organelle in the cell is
(A) chloroplast
(B) vacuole
(C) peroxisomes
(D) endoplasmic reticulum

10. Which of the following statements are true regarding ‘law of segregation’
(A) alleles separate with each other during gametogenesis
(B) the segregation of factors is due to the segregation of chromosomes during meiosis
(C) law of segregation is called as law of purity of gametes
(D) all of the above

ANSWERS: FPSC BOTANY SAMPLE QUESTIONS
1(D) 2(C) 3(B) 4(C) 5(A)
6(D) 7(C) 8(C) 9(A) 10(D)

11. All algae possess
(A) nuclei
(B) chloroplasts
(C) both a and b
(D) none of these

12. The lower Bryophytes are usually termed as
(A) mosses
(B) liverworts
(C) sporophytes
(D) ferns

13. Which fern yields antihelminthic drug
(A) adiantum
(B) pteris
(C) salvinia
(D) dryopteris

14. In addition to seeds, which of the following characteristics are unique to the seed-producing plants
(A) sporopollenin
(B) lignin present in cell walls
(C) pollen
(D) megaphylls

15. Flowering dependent on cold treatment is
(A) cryotherapy
(B) vernalization
(C) cryogenics
(D) none of these

16. The pyramid of energy in any ecosystem is
(A) always upright
(B) may be upright or invented
(C) always inverted
(D) none of these

17. Microfilaments are composed mainly of a protein called
(A) actin
(B) tubulin
(C) myosin
(D) chitin

18. Monohybrid ratio is
(A) 9:3:3:1
(B) 9:1
(C) 9:3:1
(D) 3:1

19. Homologous organs indicate the
(A) convergent evolution
(B) parallel evolution
(C) common descendent
(D) natural selection

20. Saprophytic fungi
(A) engulf their food in order to break it down
(B) secure their food from dead organic materials
(C) both (a) and (b)
(D) none of these

ANSWERS: FPSC BOTANY LECTURER TEST SAMPLE QUESTIONS
11(C) 12(B) 13(D) 14(C) 15(B)
16(A) 17(A) 18(D) 19(C) 20(B)

21. Chlamydomonas and Volvox are similar because
(A) they both are motile
(B) they are members of the Chlorophyta
(C) both (a) and (b)
(D) none of these

22. Elaters of Marchantia are
(A) haploid
(B) diploid
(C) triploid
(D) polyploid

23. The number of spores produced in fern sporangium is
(A) 32
(B) 16
(C) 72
(D) 64

24. In seed plants, which part of a pollen grain has a function most like that of the seed coat
(A) sporopollenin
(B) male gametophyte
(C) sporophyll
(D) stigma

25. Rubisco content of choroplast is
(A) 20%
(B) 16%
(C) 25%
(D) 50%

26. An ecosystem must have a continuous external source of
(A) energy
(B) food
(C) minerals
(D) all of these

27. Which of the following is associated with the structure of Golgi complex
(A) cristae
(B) cisternae
(C) tonoplast
(D) none of these

28. When alleles of two contrasting characters are present together, one of the character express and the other remains hidden.This is the
(A) law of purity of gametes
(B) law of segregation
(C) law of independent assortment
(D) law of dominance

29. Coacervates were experimentally produced by
(A) Fischer and Huxley
(B) Sidney Fox and Oparin
(C) Urey and Miller
(D) Jacob and Monod

30. The amount of phagocytosis done by the Plasmodium
(A) is greater than by the water mold mycelium
(B) is lesser than by the water mold mycelium
(C) is equal to by the water mold mycelium
(D) none of the these

ANSWERSBOTANY LECTURER SAMPLE PAPER
21(C) 22(B) 23(D) 24(A) 25(B)
26(A) 27(B) 28(C) 29(B) 30(A)

-tiny plants with silicon cells are:
diatoms
-withania somnifera belongs to the family:
solanaceae
-the 1st root of seed plant develops from the radical is called:
tap root
-mycorrhiza is the symbiotic association between:
algae & fungi
-new ulva plant after undergoing meiosis produces —zoospores:
4-flagellated
-alternation of generation in moss is:
heteromorphic
-most primitive family is:
magnoliaceae
-laminaria is the example of:
brown algae
-the chief component of cell wall in fungi is:
chitin
-formation of fruit without fertilization:
parthenocarpy
-national flower of pakistanis:
jasminum
-zygomycetes have their common name:
conjugating fungi
-filament of algae are composed either of distinct cell:
heterocytes
-the bryophytes are also called:
amphibians
-the 1st plant which develop true leaves & roots are:
lycopsids(not sure)
-an ivule is:
fertilized seed
-an angiosperm the female gametophyte contain:
1-several cells
-sporophyte of bryophyte is called as:
prothallus
-one of the example of crustose lichen is:
(nonone of theset sure)
-the scientific name of bringal is:
solanum melanogena

The spores in bryophytic plant represent the first cell of the:
(a) Gametophytic generation 
(b) Sporophytic generation 
(c) Asexual generation
(d) All of these 
(e) None of these

(ii) Algal members of classes Euglenophyceae and chlorophyceae are similar in the:
(a) Cell wall structure 
(b) Reserve food 
(c) Pigment composition
(d) Structure of flagella 
(e) None of these

(iii) Crystocarp is a structure developed after fertilization in:
(a) Blue green algae 
(b) Actinomycetes 
(c) Bryophetes
(d) Red algae 
(e) None of these

(iv) Rice belongs to family:
(a) Malvaceae 
(b) Fabiaceae 
(c) Solonaceae
(d) Poaceae 
(e) None of these

(v) Gametophyte of fern is called:
(a) Prothallus 
(b) Protocorm 
(c) Thallus
(d) Gametangia 
(e) None of these

(vi) The sieve elements are major component of:
(a) Cambium 
(b) Apical meristem 
(c) Xylem
(d) Phloem 
(e) None of these

(vii) Which one of these is a parasite:
(a) Sunflower 
(b) Begonia 
(c) Biden
(d) Brasica 
(e) None of these

(viii) Sporophytic generation is borne upon gametophyte and is dependent on it. This feature is present in:
(a) Cycas 
(b) Adiantam 
(c) Equisetum
(d) All of these 
(e) None of these

(ix) Double fertilization is a typical characteristic of:
(a) Algae 
(b) Fungi 
(c) Bryophytes
(d) Angiosperm 
(e) All of these

(x) Marchantia reproduces vegetatively by:
(a) Apospory 
(b) Gemma Cup 
(c) Budding
(d) All of these 
(e) None of these

(xi) Plant cell wall is composed of:
(a) Cellulose 
(b) Polypeptides 
(c) Phospholipids
(d) Starch 
(e) None of these

(xii) Stele in which primary vascular tissues are arranged in discrete strands around a pit is called:
(a) Prostele 
(b) Radial stele 
(c) Centric stele
(d) Eustele 
(e) None of these

(xiii) In which the following edible part is obtained from the Rhizome:
(a) Potato 
(b) Ginger 
(c) Sugar beet
(d) Onion 
(e) None of these

(xiv) Fertilization within an unopened flower is called:
(a) Cleistogramy 
(b) Cleistocary 
(c) Isogamy
(d) Oogamy 
(e) None of these

(xv) Meiosis takes place during:
(a) Gamete formation 
(b) Zygote formation 
(c) Cambium formation
(d) All of these 
(e) None of these

(xvi) Edible fungus is:
(a) Penicillium 
(b) Agaricus 
(c) Aspergillus
(d) Phythium 
(e) None of these

(xvii) Speciation is:
(a) Origin of species 
(b) Evolution of species 
(c) Identification of species
(d) Preservation of species 
(e) None of these

(xviii) Collective name given to sporangia in fern is:
(a) Sorus 
(b) Sporangium 
(c) Spathe
(d) Sporangiophore 
(e) None of these

(xix) Small, spherical protein bodies surrounded by starch deposits in chloroplasts of many algae are:
(a) Lecoplasts 
(b) Ribosomes 
(c) Microsomes
(d) Pyenidium 
(e) None of these

(xx) Heterocysts are present in:
(a) Volvox 
(b) Clostridium 
(c) Cycas
(d) E-Coli 
(e) None of these

(1) The spores in bryophytic plant represent the first cell of the:
(a) Gametophytic generation
(b) Sporophytic generation
(c) Asexual generation
(d) All of these
(e) None of these
(2) Algal members of classes Euglenophyceae and chlorophyceae are similar in the:
(a) Cell wall structure
(b) Reserve food
(c) Pigment composition
(d) Structure of flagella
(e) None of these
(3) Crystocarp is a structure developed after fertilization in:
(a) Blue green algae
(b) Actinomycetes
(c) Bryophetes
(d) Red algae
(e) None of these
(4) Rice belongs to family:
(a) Malvaceae
(b) Fabiaceae
(c) Solonaceae
(d) Poaceae
(e) None of these
(5) Gametophyte of fern is called:
(a) Prothallus
(b) Protocorm
(c) Thallus
(d) Gametangia
(e) None of these
(6) The sieve elements are major component of:
(a) Cambium
(b) Apical meristem
(c) Xylem
(d) Phloem
(e) None of these
(7) Which one of these is a parasite:
(a) Sunflower
(b) Begonia
(c) Biden
(d) Brasica
(e) None of these
(8) Sporophytic generation is borne upon gametophyte and is dependent on it. This feature is present in:
(a) Cycas
(b) Adiantam
(c) Equisetum
(d) All of these
(e) None of these
(9) Double fertilization is a typical characteristic of:
(a) Algae
(b) Fungi
(c) Bryophytes
(d) Angiosperm
(e) All of these
(10) Marchantia reproduces vegetatively by:
(a) Apospory
(b) Gemma Cup
(c) Budding
(d) All of these
(e) None of these
(11) Plant cell wall is composed of:
(a) Cellulose
(b) Polypeptides
(c) Phospholipids
(d) Starch
(e) None of these
(12) Stele in which primary vascular tissues are arranged in discrete strands around a pit is called:
(a) Prostele
(b) Radial stele
(c) Centric stele
(d) Eustele
(e) None of these
(13) In which the following edible part is obtained from the Rhizome:
(a) Potato
(b) Ginger
(c) Sugar beet
(d) Onion
(e) None of these
(14) Fertilization within an unopened flower is called:
(a) Cleistogramy
(b) Cleistocary
(c) Isogamy
(d) Oogamy
(e) None of these
(15) Meiosis takes place during:
(a) Gamete formation
(b) Zygote formation
(c) Cambium formation
(d) All of these
(e) None of these
(16) Edible fungus is:
(a) Penicillium
(b) Agaricus
(c) Aspergillus
(d) Phythium
(e) None of these
(17) Speciation is:
(a) Origin of species
(b) Evolution of species
(c) Identification of species
(d) Preservation of species
(e) None of these
(18) Collective name given to sporangia in fern is:
(a) Sorus
(b) Sporangium
(c) Spathe
(d) Sporangiophore
(e) None of these
(19) Small, spherical protein bodies surrounded by starch deposits in chloroplasts of many algae are:
(a) Lecoplasts
(b) Ribosomes
(c) Microsomes
(d) Pyenidium
(e) None of these
(20) Heterocysts are present in:
(a) Volvox
(b) Clostridium
(c) Cycas
(d) E-Coli
(e) None of these
(21) Enzyme Fumarase convert fumaric acid into:
(a) Citric acid
(b) Isocitric acid
(c) lactic acid
(d) Glutamic acid
(e) None of these
(22) Plants growing under saline conditions are:
(a) Holophytes
(b) Mesophytes
(c) Hygrophytes
(d) Halophytes
(e) None of these
(23) The first product of CO2 fixation in C3 plants is:
(a) Phosphoglyceric acid
(b) Glycolic acid
(c) Citric acid
(d) Glutamic acid
(e) None of these
(24) Mutations are most likely to be caused by:
(a) 1AA
(b) CO2
(c) Dextrose
(d) Glycine
(e) None of these
(25) Most of the water absorption in plants takes place through:
(a) Root caps
(b) Root hairs
(c) Stomata
(d) All of these
(e) None of these
(26) Oxygen produced during photosynthesis comes from:
(a) CO2
(b) Carboxylic acid
(c) Glucose
(d) Protein
(e) None of these
(27) Chloroplasts in bundle sheath cells of C4 plants do not contain:
(a) Grana
(b) Stroma
(c) Thylakoids
(d) All of these
(e) None of these
(28) A group of major biotic communities occupying a climatic region of earth is called:
(a) Biome
(b) Biosphere
(c) Biotype
(d) Phenotype
(e) None of these
(29) In which group of plants stomata open during night:
(a) C3 plants
(b) C4 plants
(c) Halophytes
(d) CAM plants
(e) None of these
(30) The occurrence of vegetation in layers is known as:
(a) Scarification
(b) Stratification
(c) Physiognomy
(d) Pattern
(e) None of these
(31) A plasmid is a:
(a) DNA
(b) RAN
(c) Protein
(d) Microsome
(e) None of these
(32) The total Genetic material within a cell is:
(a) Gene bank
(b) Genetic load
(c) Genome
(d) Genetic Marker
(e) None of these
(33) Ribsomal RNA helps in:
(a) Replication
(b) Transcription
(c) Translation
(d) Translocation
(e) None of these
(34) Which one of the following ions plays most important role in stomatal movement?
(a) K+
(b) Ca++ (c) Cl–
(d) Na+
(e) None of these
(35) Dormancy in seeds may be due to:
(a) Hard seed coat
(b) Chemical Inhibitors
(c) Immature embryo
(d) All of these
(e) None of these
(36) How many ATP molecules are produced when one hexose sugar molecule is converted into two molecules of pyruvic acid during glycolysis?
(a) 15
(b) 26
(c) 28
(d) 36
(e) None of these
(37) Open sea constituting about 90% of total ocean surface is called:
(a) Pelgaic zone
(b) Littoral zone
(c) Intertida zone
(d) Neritic zone
(e) None of these
(38) Which one of the following RNAs is non-genetic and brings amino acids to the site of protein synthesis?
(a) m RNA
(b) t RNA
(c) hn RNA
(d) pre-r RNA
(e) None of these
(39) Transfer of material , from higher concentration to lower concentration across semipermeable membrane is called:
(a) Mass flow
(b) Osmosis
(c) Ascent of Sap
(d) Diffusion
(e) None of these
(40) Optimum phosphorus uptake by roots takes place at:
(a) Neutral pH
(b) Acidic pH
(c) Alkaline pH
(d) All of these
(e) None of these
(41) The Green Algae belongs to:
(a) Cyanochloranta
(b) Chlorophycophyta
(c) Charophyta
(d) Cryptophycophyta
(e) None of these
(42) If the gametes and gametangia in Fungi are of unequal size, they are termed as:
(a) Heterothallic
(b) Homothallic
(c) Isogametes
(d) Anisogametes
(e) None of these
(43) Chlorophyll ‘d’ exists in:
(a) Pyrrophyta
(b) Phaeophyta
(c) Cryptophyta
(d) Rhodophyta
(e) None of these
(44) Which of the type of chlorophyll is rare in Xanthophyceae and has been determined in only two of its genera:
(a) chlorophyll ‘a’
(b) chlorophyll ‘e’
(c) chlorophyll ‘b’
(d) chlorophyll ‘d’
(e) None of these
(45) The Axoneme in an algal filament is composed of ____________ fibrils:
(a) five
(b) seven
(c) eleven
(d) one
(e) None of these
(46) An antibiotic called “Chlorellin” is derived from:
(a) Chara
(b) Spirogyra
(c) Volvox
(d) Chlorella
(e) None of these
(47) In Pakistan, Volvox is found abundantly in water ponds during the months of:
(a) March and April
(b) May and June
(c) November and December
(d) January and February
(e) None of these
(48) B
ecause of extracting ______ from water and depositing it in their walls different species of Chara are referred to as “Stone Worts:
(a) Sodium chloride
(b) Calcium carbonate
(c) Potassium sulphate
(d) Potassium nitrate
(e) None of these
(49) Puccinia graminis causes _______ in wheat:
(a) Yellow or stripe rust
(b) Brown or orange leaf rust
(c) Black or stem rust
(d) Loose green smut
(e) None of these
(50) The zero and one stages of Puccinia graminis are produced on:
(a) Triticum aestivum
(b) Hordeum Vulgare
(c) Sorghum Vulgare
(d) Barberis Vulgaris
(e) None of these

1. Bioluminescence is a phenomenon associated with
(A) pyrrophyta
(B) chlorophyta
(C) chrysophyta
(D) phaeophyta

2. Antheridia of Funaria are
(A) rounded
(B) cylindrical
(C) club shaped
(D) oval

3. Which of the following is called Walking Fern?
(A) dryopteris
(B) adiantum
(C) aspidium
(D) pteris

4. Which of the following is an ongoing trend in the evolution of land plants
(A) decrease in the size of the leaf
(B) elimination of sperm cells or sperm nuclei
(C) replacement of roots by rhizoids
(D) reduction of the gametophyte phase of the life cycle

5. What causes a green plant to bend towards light as it grows
(A) because green plants are phototropic
(B) light stimulates plant cells on the lighted side to grow faster
(C) auxins accumulates on shaded side resulting greater cell elongation
(D) naturally plant grows towards light

6. Autoecology deals with
(A) ecology of species
(B) ecology of many species
(C) ecology of community
(D) all of these

7. Which one is the non-membranous organelle
(A) endoplasmic reticulum
(B) ribosome
(C) chloroplast
(D) nucleus

8. The crossing of F1 to any one of the parents is called
(A) test cross
(B) F1 cross
(C) back cross
(D) none of these

9. The tendency of population to remain in genetic equilibrium may be disturbed by
(A) random mating
(B) lack of random mating
(C) lack of mutations
(D) lack of migration

10. Which spore is on a club and results from the fusion of two nuclei from different strains of the same fungi
(A) conidiospore
(B) blastospore
(C) ascospore
(D) basidiospore